| | | Manitoba Maple
(Acer negundo L.)Unique among native maples in that the leaves are compound.Bark: smooth, light grayish-brown: with age, becoming darker, furrowed into narrow firm ridges.Size and Form: small trees, up to 20 m high, 75 cm in diameter, and 60 years old. Fast-growing.Wood: moderately light, soft, weak.Habitat: grows on lakeshores and stream banks and on sites that are seasonally flooded: colonizes disturbed sites. Intolerant of shade.Notes: seeds are an important source of winter food for birds and small mammals. | | |
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| | | IpeFamily Name : Tabebuia
Common Names: Ipe (Bazil), Flor Amarillo, Grenheart. Many Brazilian exporters name Ipe Lumber: ‘Ironwood, Pau Lope, Brazilian Walnut’.Distribution: throughout continental Tropical America, in a wide variety of sites, in marshes and riverbanks as well as ridge tops. The Trees may grow to 140 feet in height with trunk diameter of up to 6’. It is one of the tallest trees of the Amazon region.Wood: olive to reddish brown to blackish, often lighter or darker striping.Ipe Fire Rating: Class A fire rating, the same rating given to concrete & steel.Uses for Ipe Wood: decks & docks
Patio furniture
Industrial uses- bridge, railway, constructionToxicity: can have a fine yellow dust on the surface that may cause dermatitis in some individuals that have skin sensitivities and/or cause allergic reactions in those who breathe it in…so wearing a dust mask is recommended. It contains no toxic chemicals, so it can be used near water, with no potential contamination. | | |
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| | | | AlderGenus AlnusBetulaceae : Birch FamilyWorldwide there are about 30 species of alders. Of the 8 species recognized in North America, 6 are native to Canada.Appearance: smooth, with patterned enlarging lenticels: becoming rough with age. Inner bark Tinged red.Texture: light, soft, moderately strong, reddish-brown. Diffuse-porous.Height & Forms: mostly small trees or shrubs.Habitat: most species occur on wet sites and are intolerant to shade. Early growth is rapid.Note: buds, twigs, bark, pollen catkins and fruits of alders are eaten by birds and mammals. | | |
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| | | | White Oak Quercus alba Appearance: bright green, round, lobed leaves which are usually widest above the middle. Texture: pale gray scaly young bark; similar mature bark with a reddish cast. Size & Forms: medium-sized up to 25 meters high, 120 cm in diameter. Can live up to 100 years old and more.Habitat: best on deep, well-drained loams. Avoid dry or poorly drained conditions. Tolerates some shade when young.Native to: Southern Ontario and Southern QuebecNotes: large and attractive ornamental tree also wild life food source. | | |
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| | | | White Birch (paper birch, canoe birch)Betula papyriferaAppearance: simple, dull green, toothed leaves with oval or triangular shapes. Leaves measures 5-10 cm long. The bark is thin, smooth with a dark reddish color as a young bark and a white papery as it mature.Texture: wood is white papery as it mature; uniform, pale, no odor.Size & Forms: trees can grow up to 25 meters with a diameter of a maximum of 40 cm and 120 years old.Habitat: not shade tolerant. Grows on a wide variety of soils: in pure stands and mixed with various species such as other birches, pines, spruces, hemlocks, poplars, maples, balsam fir and red oaks.Native to: OntarioNotes: the pliable bark of the white birch has long been used for making canoes and ornaments. | | |
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| | | Black Cherry
Appearance : Simple, bright, shiny green leaves. Smooth, dark young bark with dash-like marks; dark, rough, scaly mature bark.
Site and soils: Adapted to a wide range of soils. Needs full sunlight.
Rural plantings: Reforestation, timber plantations, wildlife food source. Grows well with other broadleaf trees.
Urban settings: Attractive; white spring flowers and dark, scaly bark. | | |
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| | | White Ash
Appearance: Dark green compound leaves with 5-9 leaflets. Light gray young bark; finely furrowed mature bark.Site and soils: Deep, well-drained upland soils. Avoid dry, infertile sites. Tolerates some shade.
Rural plantings: Reforestation, mixed species timber plantations. Grows well with white pine, balsam fir, yellow birch, sugar maple.
Urban settings: Common urban tree, columnar form, yellow-purple autumn colour. | | |
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| | | Species Characteristics: RED OAK
Querbus rubra
25 metres
(80 feet)
100+
Barefoot
Seedlings
1-2 years old
12-20 cm tall
APPEARANCE: Dull green bristle-tipped leaves. Smooth, lined young bark; grooved and ridged, dark mature bark.SITE AND SOILS: Best on deep, well-drained sandy loam. Tolerates drier conditions. Avoid heavy, wet soils. Tolerates some shade when young. Responds well to thinning.
RURAL PLANTINGS: Reforestation, timber plantations, wildlife food source. Grows well with pines and other broadleaf trees.
URBAN SETTINGS: large, attractive ornamental. Tolerates urban conditions. | | |
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| | | Species Characteristics: Black Ash Appearance: Dark green compound leaves with 7-11 leaflets.
Light gray, soft, corky young bark; scaly mature
bark. Site and soils: Adapted to imperfectly drained soils. Can
tolerate some flooding. Needs full sunlight. Rural plantings: Reforestation. Grows well with cedar, balsam
fir, silver and red maple. Urban settings: Common urban tree. | | |
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| | | Species Characteristics: Butternut Appearance: Yellow-green compound leaves with 11-17
leaflets. Pale gray, smooth young bark;
widely ridged mature bark. Site and soils: Best on well drained fertile loams. Avoid drier
and poorly drained conditions. Needs full
sunlight.
Rural plantings: Reforestation, timber plantations, wildlife
food source. Grows well with other broadleaf
trees. Urban settings: Large, attractive ornamental. | | |
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| | | Species Characteristics: Black Walnut Appearance: Yellow-green compound leaves with 14-22
leaflets. Light brown, scaly young bark, dark
broad ridges on mature bark.
Site and soils: Best on deep, well drained, fertile sites. Needs
full sunlight.
Rural plantings: Reforestation, timber plantations, wildlife
food source. Grows fast on good sites.
Grows well with other broadleaf trees.
Produces juglone, which can be toxic to some
tree species (pines).
Urban settings: Large, attractive ornamental; for large;
green spaces.
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| | | Species characteristics: White Elm Appearance: Simple toothed, dark green leaves; arching
umbrella crown. Gray-brown furrowed bark;
ash-gray with age.
Site and soils: Adapted to a range of sites, tolerates most
sites, moderately shade-tolerant.
Rural plantings: Windbreaks, restoration, can be short-lived
due to Dutch elm disease.
Urban settings: Tolerate of urban conditions. | | |
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| | | Species Characteristics: White Pine Appearances: Clusters of 5 soft, long, bluish-green needles.
Smooth, young bark; dark, ridged mature bark
Site and soils: Best on well drained to moist, sand and
loams. Tolerates shade when young.
Reforestation, timber plantations. Plant at
6ft. spacing. Grows 2-3 feet/year once
established. Plant under canopy of taller
trees to help avoid white pine weevil
problems. Grows well with red pine, maple,
ash and beech.
Urban settings: Prune for landscaping purposes; sensitive to
salt and air pollutants.
Native to: Southern and central Ontario | | |
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| | | Species recommended for different site conditions Soil Texture Well to Moderate Imperfect to Poor Sand -White Pine & red -White pine
-Red Oak -Tamarack
-Poplar -Black Spruce
-Willow
-Green Ash
Loam -White Pine & red -White Cedar
-White & Black Spruce -Tamarack
-Sugar Maple -Black Spruce
-Red Maple -Silver Maple
-White Ash -Red Maple
-Green Ash -Willow
-Red Oak -Green Ash
-Black Cherry
-Beech
-Basswood
-Black Walnut
-Butternut
Clay -White Pine -Tamarack
-White Ash -Black Spruce
-Green Ash -Silver Maple
-White Cedar -Green Ash
-Beech -Willow
-Black Walnut
-Butternut
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